Editorial Mission Statement
Editorial Board
International Advisory Board
Navigating the Site
A Note to Our Readers
Instructions for Authors
Print Subscription Information

Editorial Mission Statement

Medicine & Global Survival is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research, review articles, news, and informed opinion on worldwide threats to health and to our collective well being and survival. Among these threats are the possession and use of weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons; environmental and social destruction due to war, pollution, overpopulation, overdevelopment, and the inequitable distribution of the world's resources; natural and human-caused disasters; and massive abuses of human rights. M&GS takes a special interest in the social and ethical responsibilities of physicians and other health professionals.

We welcome reader feedback. At the end of each article is a form you can use to submit comments, which will be considered by the editors for publication on this Website and in the print edition of M&GS.

Editorial Board

David Rush, MD
Editor-in-Chief
Cambridge, MA USA

Dr. Rush is a graduate of the Phillips Exeter Academy, Harvard College (both with honors), and the Harvard Medical School. He is a board certified pediatrician, was an Epidemic Intelligence Service officer at the Centers for Disease Control, and has served on the faculties of the University of Rochester, Columbia University, the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and, most recently, Tufts University, where is Professor of Nutrition, Community Health, and Pediatrics (emeritus).

He is past president of the Society for Epidemiologic Research, served on the governing council of the American Public Health Association, and was a member of the Child Development Study Section of the National Institutes of Health. He is a fellow of the American College of Epidemiology, and is a member of the Perinatal Research Society, Society for Pediatric Research, the American Pediatric Society, International Epidemiological Association, and the American Epidemiological Society.

Dr. Rush was principal investigator of the National WIC (Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children) Evaluation of the US Dept of Agriculture. He is author of more than 100 scientific journal articles, reviews, and books.

He has been active in Physicians for Social Responsibility for 30 years, is currently on its Board of Directors, and chairs its Physicians Task Force on Health Effects of Nuclear Weapons Production. He is one of three epidemiologists to sit on the US Department of Energy's Scientific Advisory Group to joint US- Russian studies on the health effects of radiation exposure at nuclear weapons production sites in Russia, and has written extensively about this problem in M&GS. He is co-editor, with H. Jack Geiger, M.D., of Dead Reckoning: A Critical Review of the Department of Energy's Epidemiologic Research, published in 1992 by PSR.

Mary-Wynne Ashford, MD
Victoria, BC
Canada

Dr. Ashford is an Associate Professor at the University of Victoria, BC, Canada, and is the Co-President of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War. Dr. Ashford took on an active role in nuclear disarmament in 1984 and became President of IPPNW's Canadian affiliate in the late 1980s. In 1988, she held the title of President at the IPPNW World Congress in Montreal and was made IPPNW's Nobel Emissary to France in the same year. She has written and spoken extensively on disarmament issues in North America, Europe, the former Soviet Union, Japan, Australia, India, and Pakistan. She is a member of the Canadian Pugwash Group and now heads the IPPNW No Nukes! Campaign. Dr. Ashford's current work focuses on nuclear disarmament in South Asia, Russia, and the US, particularly on the urgent need for de-alerting and preventing further proliferation of nuclear weapons. She is the recipient of the Governor General's Medal for the 125 Anniversary of Canadian Confederation and the Simon Fraser University Gandhi Award.

Christine K. Cassel, MD, FACP
Professor and Chair of Geriatrics and Adult Development
The Mount Sinai Medical Center
New York, NY USA

H. Jack Geiger, MD
Arthur C. Logan Professor Emeritus of Community Medicine
City University of New York Medical School
New York, NY USA

Dr. Geiger received his MD degree from Western Reserve University School of Medicine in 1958 and trained in internal medicine on the Harvard Service of Boston City Hospital from 1958-64. Before assuming the Logan Professorship at CUNY Medical School in 1978, he was Chairman of the Department of Community Medicine at Tufts University Medical School (1968-71). He has held numerous other academic appointments.

Most of his professional career has been devoted to the problems of health, poverty, and human rights. Dr. Geiger initiated the community health center model in the US. He was a leader in the development of the national health center network of more than 800 urban, rural, and migrant centers currently serving some 9 million low-income patients. From 1965-71 he was Co-Director and then Director of the first urban and first rural health centers in the US, at Columbia Point, Boston, and Mound Bayou, Mississippi.

Dr. Geiger's work in human rights spans more than five decades. He was a founding member of one of the first chapters of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in 1943. In the 1960s he was a founding member and National Program Chairman of the Medical Committe for Human Rights. In 1986 he was a founding member of Physicians for Human Rights (PHR), a national organization of health professionals whose goals are to bring the skills of the medical profession to the investigation and documentation of human rights abuses, violations of medical neutrality, war crimes and crimes against humanity, and to provide medical and humanitarian aid to victims of repression. He is a past President of PHR and has led human rights missions to Bosnia, Iraq and Kurdistan, and the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

He is a founding member and immediate Past President of the Committee for Health in Southern Africa (CHISA), and was a member of the AAAS-Institute of Medicine Mission to South Africa on the Health Effects of Apartheid (1989). Following liberation, he has served as a consultant to South Africa's Ministry of Health and in 1997 was a member of the AAAS-PHR-CHISA consultative mission to South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission to examine human rights violations in the health sector under apartheid. He was one of the authors of the mission's report, Human Rights and Health: The Legacy of Apartheid.

A founding member of Physicians for Social Responsibility in 1961, Dr. Geiger was coauthor of the first major studies in the US on the medical consequences of nuclear war, published in The New England Journal of Medicine. During the past three decades he has published more than 25 scientific articles and book chapters on the medical and biological effects of nuclear weapons, and has lectured widely on the subject. He led a PSR delegation to the former Soviet Union to explore the health consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986. From 1988-92 he chaired the PSR Physicians Task Force on the Health Hazards of Nuclear Weapons Production and co-directed a critical review of the US Department of Energy's epidemiological studies of the nuclear weapons plant workforce, published as a monograph, Dead Reckoning, in 1992.

Jennifer Leaning, MD, SMH
Cambridge, MA USA

Dr. Leaning is an emergency physician and Professor of International Health at the Harvard School of Public Health. She received her A.B. degree from Radcliffe College, magna cum laude, a Masters in demography from the Harvard School of Public Health, and her M.D. with honors from the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine. She trained in internal medicine and emergency medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital and is board-certified in both specialties.

She is an attending physician in the Emergency Department of Brigham and Women's Hospital, assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, and senior fellow at both the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies and the Francois Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights. She teaches disaster management, human rights, and response to humanitarian crises at the Harvard School of Public Health. She has field experience in problems of disaster response and human rights (particularly in the Mideast, former USSR, Somalia, the African Great Lakes area, Albania, and Kosovo) and has written widely on these issues. She is lead editor of Humanitarian Crises: The Medical and Public Health Response, published by Harvard University Press in the spring of 1999, and of The Counterfeit Ark: Crisis Relocation for Nuclear War.

Dr. Leaning also has extensive experience in medical management, having held leadership positions in the staff model division of Harvard Pilgrim Health Care from 1984 to 1997, most recently from 1992-97 as the group medical director, overseeing program, policy, and budget for a pre-paid group practice with 300,000 members.

A founding board member of Physicians for Human Rights, she continues to serve as a member of its board of directors. A long-time board member of Physicians for Social Responsibility, she is now a member of its board of sponsors. She also serves as a member of the board of directors of the Humane Society of the United States and the American Red Cross, Massachusetts Bay Chapter.

Dr. Leaning was the Editor in Chief of M&GS from 1991-2000.

Ian Maddocks, MD
Professor of Palliative Care
Flinders University of South Australia
North Adelaide, Australia

Dr. Maddocks began his medical career in Papua New Guinea where he worked for 14 years, becoming Foundation Dean and Professor of Medicine at the University of Papua New Guinea. He returned to Australia in 1975, and in 1988 became Australia's first Professor of Palliative Care at the Flinders University of South Australia. In 1995, he established the International Institute of Hospice Studies and fostered wide-ranging academic links with colleagues and institutions in many countries of East Asia. Dr. Maddocks joined the Medical Association for Prevention of War (Australia) in 1982 and was its President from 1984 to 1990. In 1998 he was named Chair of the Board of Directors of IPPNW. In 1986, the Australian Government appointed him to its National Consultative Committee on Peace and Disarmament, and he has been Chairman of that body since 1990.

Michael McCally, MD
Professor of Medicine
Mt. Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY USA

Victor W. Sidel, MD
Distinguished University Professor of Social Medicine
Montefiore Medical Center
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
New York, NY USA

Dr. Sidel is a graduate of Princeton University with honors in physics and of Harvard Medical School with honors in biophysics. After training in internal medicine and in biophysics at Harvard Medical School and at the National Heart Institute in Bethesda and in public health at the Harvard School of Public Health and at the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta, he headed the Community Medicine Unit at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Since 1969 Dr. Sidel has been at Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, for 15 years as Chair of the Department of Social Medicine and since 1984 as Distinguished University Professor of Social Medicine. He is a Past President of the American Public Health Association the 2000-2001 President of the Public Health Association of New York City.

Dr. Sidel is deeply involved in international health. In 1971 he was a member of the first US medical delegation invited to the People's Republic of China in 20 years; he has returned for frequent study visits and has authored two books and numerous articles on health care in China. He has also studied health care in a dozen other countries, and has been a consultant for the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). He was 1998-99 Cleveringa Professor for Medicine and Human Rights at the University of Leiden.

Dr. Sidel was one of the founders of Physicians For Social Responsibility (PSR) in 1961 and was its president in 1987-88. He was a co-founder of the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) in 1960 its co-president from 1993 to 1998. He has spoken and published widely on the economic, social, environmental and health consequences of the arms race and on the risks posed by the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons. His studies on prevention of use of nuclear weapons began in 1962 and on prevention of use of chemical and biological weapons began in 1966 with articles in the New England Journal of Medicine. He has served as a consultant on these issues to the World Health Organization. He is co-editor of War and Public Health, published by Oxford University Press in conjunction with the American Public Association in 1997.

John Loretz
Executive Editor
Cambridge, MA USA

John Loretz is the Program Director of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War. He has been the Executive Editor of M&GS since 1994.

International Advisory Board

Herbert L. Abrams, MD (USA)
Joel Baron (USA)
Mary Black, MD (Australia)
Fred Bukachi, MD (Kenya)
Mohamed Farid Emara, MD (Egypt)
Howard Frumkin, MD (USA)
K. Zaki Hasan, MD (Pakistan)
Ernesto Kahan, MD (Israel)
Alexander Leaf, MD (USA)
Alan Lockwood, MD (USA)
Gururaj Mutalik, MD (India)
William Pick, MD (S. Africa)
Tilman Ruff, MD (Australia)
Richard Smith, MD (UK)
Ross Wilcock, MD (Canada)
Kenjiro Yokoro, MD (Japan)

Navigating the Site

This Website contains the current edition of M&GS; archives of all previously published articles, editorials, and book reviews; a regularly updated news section; and links to other useful resources on the Web. A navigation menu appears on the left side of the screen at all times. Should you ever lose your way within the site, simply click on one of the section buttons to return to the top level of that section.

A Note to Our Readers

The editors of M&GS value your feedback as a reader of the journal and as a user of this site. We have provided several feedback mechanisms on this site, and encourage you to use them whenever you wish to send us suggestions, ideas, or critiques. Specifically:

1. You may use the "Contact Us" button to send e-mail to the editors;
2. E-mail links to the authors of articles, when available, allow readers to comment on an article directly to the authors;
3. An online form following each featured article allows readers to submit a commentary on the issues raised in the article directly to the editors;
4. Our Guest Book gives readers an opportunity to tell us about themselves and their interests.

Instructions for Authors

[These guidelines are in accordance with the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals"]

Content

• Articles, reports of original research and/or analysis on a subject of current or historical interest, normally not to exceed 4,000 words;
• Review Articles, summary and discussion of relevant work and/or clinical experience, not to exceed 4,000 words;
• Commentary and Opinion, opinion pieces on matters of public policy, normally not to exceed 3,000 words;
• Profiles in Responsibility, historical essay on an ethical, professional, social, or political conflict facing a member of the medical or scientific community, not to exceed 2,000 words;
• Forum, brief statements of points of view related to major themes of the journal but not written in direct response to particular articles or commentaries;
• Local Perspectives, brief report on work in progress, not to exceed 400 words;
• Reviews, reviews of books, audiovisual materials, and software, not to exceed 1,500 words;
• Editorials, opinion on current topics and commentary on papers published elsewhere in the issue (most editorials are solicited or written by the editors), not to exceed 1,000 words;
• Letters and Corrections, opinions on papers published in Medicine and Global Survival and other current topics, or corrections of content previously published, not to exceed 500 words (the Editor reserves the right to publish all or part of any letter).

Manuscripts

Manuscripts containing original material are accepted for consideration with the understanding that neither the article nor any part of its essential substance, tables, or figures has been or will be published or submitted for publication elsewhere before appearing in Medicine and Global Survival. This restriction does not apply to abstracts or press reports published in connection with scientific meetings.

Electronic Submission

The text of a manuscript may be attached to an e-mail message and submitted electronically. Saving files in ascii (text only) format will prevent the problems that occasionally result from cross-platform transmission using different word processing programs. Formatted files may also be attached to e-mail as Word or WordPerfect documents.

Graphic elements, including tables (with the exception of those created in word processors as described above), figures, charts, and photos should be attached as separate items and saved in either TIFF or JPEG formats. Please consult with the editors before submitting graphics files in other formats.

[Note: Despite ongoing improvements in cross-platform electronic exchange of files, some users -- especially those with older computers or older versions of software products -- may experience problems. Sometimes those problems can be resolved with repeated attempts, but submission of hard copy manuscripts (see below) may occasionally be necessary. In order to obtain the highest possible quality in reproduction of graphical materials, the editors may also request original printed versions of figures, photos, etc.]

Hard Copy Submission
Printed (hard copy) submissions should include an original and two copies of the complete manuscript, including text pages, legends, tables, references, and glossy prints of figures (photocopies of figures and other illustrations are acceptable during editorial review, but original artwork is required at the time of publication). Authors may enclose a manuscript file on computer diskette along with the printed copies (see below), but diskettes are not required until acceptance of the article for publication.

Title and Author's Name(s)

Provide a page giving the title of the paper; titles should be concise and descriptive. Also include the name(s) of the author(s), including the first name(s) and academic degree(s); the name of the department and institution in which the work was done (if appropriate); the institutional affiliation of each author; and the name and address of the author to whom reprint requests should be addressed. Any grant support that requires acknowledgment should be mentioned on this page.

Abstract

A brief summary of the major topics, methodology (if applicable) and conclusions of the article (maximum 150 words) must accompany manuscripts submitted to the articles section.

Key Words

Three to 10 key words or short phrases should be added to the bottom of the abstract page to assist in indexing the article. Use terms from the Medical Subject headings from Index Medicus when possible.

Tables and Figures

Tables:
Each table should be typed or printed on a separate sheet of paper (or be saved as a separate file on disk), be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals, have a brief descriptive title, and have its position indicated in the text. Table files on computer diskettes should be formatted as described above, or as tab-delimited text.

Illustrations (Figures):
Three sets of clear, unmounted black-and-white glossy prints of figures should be submitted (preferably 5 x 7 inches, but no larger than 8 1/2 by 11 inches). For line drawings, original artwork or glossy prints are acceptable. Illustrations should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals and the position indicated in the text. Figure number, first author's name, and top of the photo should be shown on the reverse side of each illustration.

Legends:
All legends for figures should be typed together on a separate sheet of paper and/or included in a single text file on computer diskette.

Photos:
Black-and-white photos, or color photos or slides that are reproducible in black-and-white, may also be submitted. Please note in cover letter if return of photos is required.

Permission for Reproduction:
All previously published photos, illustrations, or tables must be accompanied by written permission from the publisher for its reuse. The source should be acknowledged in the legend if it can be done briefly by citation of a reference number. Otherwise, acknowledgment is made at the end of the figure legend or at the bottom of the table.

Abbreviations

The use of standard, widely recognized abbreviations, units, and acronyms is acceptable; the first usage of any abbreviation or acronym should be preceded by the full word or name for which it stands.

References

Only published and accessible references may be listed as references, such as books, articles, chapters, theses, accepted manuscripts, and the like. Example references, listed below, are in accordance with the Uniform Requirements agreement. Use standard abbreviations of journal names as established by the National Library of Medicine.

Journal Citations:
List all authors when six or fewer; when seven or more, list the first three and add et al:

• Abrams HL, Von Kaenel WE. Medical problems of survivors of nuclear war: infection and the spread of communicable diseases. N Engl J Med 1981;305:1221-1332.

Book Citations:
List all authors and editors, when six or fewer; list only first three when seven or more, and add et al:

• Kunetka JW. Oppenheimer: the year of risk. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1982.
  
• Baskett P, Weller R, eds. Medicine for disasters. London: Butterworth Scientific, 1988.
  
• George AL. The impact of crisis-induced stress on decision-making. In: Solomon F, Marston RQ, eds: The medical implications of nuclear war. Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1986; 529-552.

Author Responsibility and Peer Review

Authors are responsible for all statements made in their articles. All manuscripts are subject to peer review and if accepted, may be copyedited.

Print Subscription Information

A print edition of M&GS is published twice each year. For subscription information about M&GS and other IPPNW publications, contact:

Allison Howard
IPPNW
727 Massachusetts Ave.
Cambridge, MA 02139
(617) 868-5050, ext. 200
(617) 868-2560 (fax)